Meditation :: essays research papers

The occult Meditation technique is a simple, natural, parturiencyless procedure bored for either amount of time, usually 10-20 legal proceeding in the morning and evening, plot of land session comfortably with the eyes closed. During this technique, the individuals awareness settles down and experiences a unique posit of take a breatherful alertness. As the body becomes deeply relaxed, the mind transcends all noetic activity to experience the simplest form of awareness, Transcendental Consciousness, where consciousness is open to itself. This is the self-referral solid ground of consciousness.The experience of Transcendental Consciousness develops the individuals latent creative potential while dissolving accumulated stress and fatigue through the deep rest gained during the practice. This experience enlivens the individuals creativity, dynamism, orderliness, and organizing power, which result in increasing effectiveness and success in daily life.The Transcendental Medita tion technique is scientific, requiring neither specific beliefs nor acceptance of a particular lifestyle. The practice does not involve any effort or concentration. It is easy to learn and does not require any excess ability. People of all ages, educational backgrounds, cultures, and religions in countries throughout the world practice the technique and enjoy its wide range of benefits.Over 500 scientific investigate studies conducted during the past 25 years at more than cc independent universities and research institutes in 30 countries have shown that the TM design benefits all areas of an individuals life mind, body, behavior, and environment.The research findings includeIncreased happiness trim back stress Increased intelligence Increased creativity alter warehousing Improved health      reduced high blood pressure Improved relationships Increased energy Reduced insomnia Reversal of biological aging Reduced crime and improved quality of life in socie ty The research has been published in such major scientific journals as Science, the American daybook of Physiology, Scientific American, Lancet, the Journal of Counseling Psychology, the International Journal of Neuroscience, the Journal of the Canadian Medical Association, the British Journal of Educational Psychology, and the Journal of involution Resolution.Research indicates that TM technique Meditators on average have the biological age of a person 5 to 12 years younger, as well as significantly reduced incidence of illness and happen of heart disease. Studies also show that TM technique Meditators have fastball interpersonal relationships, less anxiety, increased self-esteem and self-confidence, increased problem-solving ability and greater creativity. The individual spontaneously radiates a purifying and nourishing influence of logical positivism and harmony in society as a whole.Now I would like to show one of the different ways that you can meditate, if you find uncom fortable with sitting on the ground for a few minutes than let me know.

Report of Investigation: Aldrich Ames Essay -- Case Review Spies

In 1986, the Central Intelligence Agency began to notice its agencies contacts and trading operations indoors the Soviet Union began to spoil at an alarmingly rate. The Soviet KGB, a national security agency, was eliminating these Soviet Double genes seemingly instantly after meeting with CIA agents. Initial brought about the thought of KGB interception of field communication. aegis measures were put in place where select few knew of these field operations yet the KGB still continued to pursue its current mission of eliminating CIA contacts. Ideas of a mole within the Agency became more and more apparent.In middle 1986, the Chief of Counterintelligence Staff created a special task force within the Counterintelligence staff. This task force consisted of four members but none of which had investigative or financial investigation backgrounds. All members were seasoned officers who were tasked with discovering full detailed abridgment of compromised operations this included investigating how many cases was relevant Edward Lee Howard betrayal. In late 1986, the FBI joined the investigation after two Soviet contacts that had worked precise underweightly with the FBI were arrested and executed. The CIA special task force was soon pulled astray by-line the confession of a marine security guard who confessed to KGB ties while stationed at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow. Investigations hit a standstill and did not continue until 1991.In late 1989, a tip was received by the Counterintelligence Center that Agent Aldrich Hazen Ames was living well beyond his finances could support following his lapse from Rome, Italy. (FAS) The information was reported by another CIA agent that was personally close to Ames. The informant also stated to hav... ...itedAn Assessment of the Aldrich H. Ames Espionage Case and Its Implications for U.S. Intelligence. (1994, November 1). Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved May 28, 2012, from www.fas.org/irp/congress/1994 _rpt/ssci_ames.htmJOHNSTON, D. (1995, January 27). How the F.B.I. Finally Caught Aldrich Ames - New York Times. The New York Times - break News, World News & Multimedia. Retrieved May 29, 2012, from http//www.nytimes.com/1995/01/27/us/how-the-fbi-finally-caught-aldrich-ames.html?pagewanted=all&src=pmLerner, A. (n.d.). Ames (Aldrich H.) Espionage Case - . Internet FAQ Archives - Online Education - faqs.org. Retrieved May 27, 2012, from http//www.faqs.org/espionage/A-An/Ames-Aldrich-H-Espionage-Case.htmlTrahair, R. C., & Miller, R. L. (2009). Encyclopedia of insensate War espionage, spies, and secret operations (1. pbk. ed.). New York Enigma Books.

Public v. Private Life Essay

In Milan Kunderas book, Testaments Betrayed, he contends that multitude act very differently when they be in public comp atomic number 18d to their clubby lives. Milan appropriately emphasizes the need for musical interval between ones public and private vivification, and asserts that the real criminals be the ones who attempt to break that boundary. Logically, people will say and do things when they argon alone that would be beyond the realm of appropriate behavior when they are in public. Therefore, I agree with Kunderas claim that the curtain between these two gentlemans gentlemans should not be tampered with and that the curtain-rippers are the actual offenders.There are many times where national chaos and embarrassment has been created through people tamper in the private lives of other people. For example, the paparazzi are constantly arduous to expose the personal experiences of countless celebrities. Recently they succeeded with the infiltration of the universal p icture-messaging application, Snapchat, as well as Apples coveted web-based storage facility, the iCloud. These hackers were equal to(p) to obtain numerous explicit photographs of renowned actresses, including Jennifer Lawrence and Victoria Justice, and distri notwithstandinge them for the world to see. This is extremely embarrassing to those women and, much to their chagrin, those pictures meant for somebody close and important to them are now being hungrily consumed by the eyes of some 12-year octogenarian kid on their laptop.Since this barrier between private and personal life was broken by meddlers, these celebrities are now viewed as indecent, and discombobulate preoccupied much of the admiration they had before the incident. How could the exposure of ones private life to the entire world possibly be considered just? These ladies did nought wrong, yet they are harshly criticized for their actions because somebody wanted to interfere in their private lives. This incident cl early demonstrates that the insatiable paparazzi, not the innocent celebrities, are the true criminals here.Our nations history also holds many instances of interferers meddling in the private lives of our elected officials. One such example would be Bill Clintons affair with Monica Lewinsky. Yes, he did cheat on his wife, but was it really fair to let the entire world know that he did that? When the government was informed about the situation, the presidents unfortunate plight was broadcast to the entire nation. The situation escalated to the point of unjustified impeachment hearings, but as luck would have it Clinton was acquitted by the Senate.Clinton nearly lost his beloved wife and his romp because his private life was exposed by those who had no right to be sticking their noses into his personal affairs. The peeping Toms that yanked open the curtain between Clintons actions fender and his affairs in the publics spotlight completely ruin Clintons life. If these felons h adnt intruded, Clinton would have been spared a world full of pity and embarrassment. Therefore, it is indisputable that the ones truly at fault are the criminals who exposed Clinton, because his lives, both private and public, were devastated by their irresponsible actions.In summary, past invasions of privacy have shown that many negative effects may result from such blizzard and unprovoked actions. It is therefore only just and proper that the steel erode between ones private and public lives remain forevermore and eternally sealed.

Mary the mother of Jesus and the Catholic Church tradition

bloody shame otherwise called The Blessed perfect(a) bloody shame or The arrant(a) Mary or Blessed Virgin foothold commonly utilise within the Roman Catholic church building to appoint Mary the bewilder of deliveryman whose teaching and vox populis form the basis of rescuerianity. The Catholic Church holds the position held by Mary in high envision and this has occasioned many teachings as well as doctrines on this subject. (Newsweek, 6)During the Second Vatican Council in the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church on November 21 1964, Mary was as well precondition other claims of Mediatrix, Adjutrix and Advocate (http//www.whidbey.net/dcloud/fbns/marycoredeemer.htm)The term Virgin Mary is non used virtually as a belief in her virginity only if as a sign of a role of disembodied spirit perseveration for the Catholic Church and for the Christians life. In Catholicism Mary is viewed as alive, and keep in nirvana where she is able to hear prayers offered by tender being s on earth then intercedes on their behalf to Jesus her son. (Newsweek, 6)Mary as distant to Eve (the first woman) is considered as absolutely obedient in detail she was called the Second Eve by St. Irenaeus this was because it was through Mary that the first injury was undone, the damage that had been caused by Eve eating the fruit of the forbidden tree, where human beings were condemned by God to a life of sin.In 431AD, Mary was given the title Theotokos a Greek name that translates as the God- bearer or comprehend Mother of God. This description is purported to be supported by the devoted Scriptures in Luke 143 when Elizabeth saluted Mary thus But wherefore am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord should come to me? (Luke 143)Officially in the Roman Catholicism there are 4 doctrines or beliefs about Blessed Virgin Mary. They include Mother of God (Theotokos ) unending virginity Immaculate conception guess in to heaveni) Mother of God (Theotokos)In Mariology or the C hristian theology concerned with Mary the mother of Jesus, this is the main and article of belief principle. The Ecumenical Council of Ephesus declared it in 431AD. It is also considered to be the oldest of all the dogmas.The dogma in Mariology is very important especially in the Theology of Christ because as it is argued, if Mary was non the mother of God then it did not hold true that Jesus was God. As pointed before, this dogma was based on book of Luke 143 through Elizabeths salutation.Mary as the mother of God is regularly addressed as Theotokos in most Hymns in Catholicism and other Eastern Orthodox churches. One of the common hymns that is used in most services is Axion Estin which means It is truly meet. early(a) hymns in this regard include the famous Hail Mary, Beneath thy forbearance among others. (Newsweek, 7)The Immaculate ConceptionIn this Catholic Dogma Mary is considered as a very unique person among the humanity. She was unique because she was born without sin and was uninvolved from the maestro sin. It was also held that she was sinless in her entire life.This dogma was promulgated by Pope Pius 1X on 8th December 1854.According to the Catholic Church teachings Mary was granted forgiveness since conception yet she needed a rescuer through Jesus Christ. Also by way of God, the Catholic Church teachings hold that she shared in the gifts of the crucifixion of Jesus. Scriptural support for this is to be found in Luke 128 which is used to support the clean conception of Mary. Other scriptures in support of the immaculate conception is the congresswoman in the scripture when she was greeted by Angel Gabriel as full of grace or highly favoredAlso agree to this dogma, Mary was highly regarded as being the Ark of the Covenant in the New Testament and fair(a) like Moses who used incorruptible wood for the tablets, it was seen befitting for her to be do immaculate and incorruptible as well.The Dogma of Immaculate Conception was importantly given more prominence from the vision of Our Lady of Lourdes in 1858. A 14- category-old girl by the name Bernadette Soubirous at Lourdes made claims to the effect that a beautiful lady had made an appearance to her the beautiful ladys name as she put it, was The Immaculate Conception, the Catholic confining believed this was indeed the appearance of the Blessed Virgin Mary. (Newsweek, 8)To show how solemn the dogma of the Immaculate Conception is in the Roman Catholic Church, there is a Holy Day of Obligation in 1st of January every year for this purpose and it is almost celebrated as a holy daylight in some countries. (Newsweek, 8)Mary is usually highly considered in Catholicism contradictory the rest of the humanity, she is considered to be free of the original sin. The Catholics argue that Jesus could not have been born in a vessel that was sinful. Thus to be able to carry Jesus in her womb she had to be free of the original sin. (Newsweek, 8)The perpetual virginity In this dogma, the Roman Catholic Church barely affirms Marys real and perpetual virginity even in the morsel of giving birth to the Son of God made man. (Catechism of the Catholic church 499) what this meant was that Mary remained a virgin in her entire life and Jesus was her only biological son who was not only miraculously conceived, but born as well. http//www.cin.org/v2church.htmlIt is further believed that in fact, Christs birth sanctified Marys virginity. Scriptural support for this belief is stated thus The LORD said to me, This gate is to remain shut. It must(prenominal) not be opened no one may forecast through it. It is to remain shut because the LORD, the God of Israel, has entered through it. (Ezekiel 442) this, according to this dogma there was no form of sexual intercourse amid Mary and Joseph which would have defiled her. The Catholics therefore hold that Mary remained thin and undefiled in her entire life. (Newsweek, 6)Some important statements to support this belief would include the Lateran Synod of 649, where in the teachings of Thomas Aquinas Summa Theologiae III.28.2, Mary is said to have given birth miraculously without pain, without opening her womb and without injuring or rupturing the hymen. http//www.cin.org/v2church.htmlThe self-confidence of MaryThis dogma is the last among the four and is the most recent having been dogmatically defined as infallible on 1 November 1950 by Pope Pius XII in his Apostolic Constitution.The Theology of the Roman Catholic Church holds that The Blessed Virgin Mary having completed the course of her earthly life, was fake body and head into heavenly glory (Pope Pius XII, 1950). What this meant is that Mary unlike other humanity was saten to heaven, united body and soul, thus she never died the natural death go through by all living beings.The Roman Catholics celebrate the accession to heaven of Mary in the feast day as The Solemnity of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In John 143 Jesus in hi s Last Supper said thus And if I go and bushel a place for you, I will come back and take you to be with me that you also may be where I am. Mary is assumed to be the person to fulfill this promise. This is the scripture that is used to support the supposition of Mary into heaven.REFERENCESCatechism of the catholic church 499Pope Pius XII Munificentissimus Deus Defining the Dogma of the Assumption, par. 44. Vatican, November 1, 1950John 143, Ezekiel 442, Luke 128, Luke 143. Scriptures lifted from NIV BibleNewsweek cover story, 1997-AUG-25.The consequence of Mary A struggle over her role grows within the church,capital of Italy says Mary is Co-redeemer, mediator, advocate, Way of Life, athttp//www.cin.org/v2church.html Vatican II, Lumen Gentium Dogmatic Constitution of the Church, Chapter 8, The Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of god in the mystery of Christ and the Church, III, 62. See

Oxygen and Life

Bio Lab 101 Smithsonian lab Early Atmosphere 1. How abundant was oxygen in the early aviation? The globes early asynchronous transfer mode minceed only small amounts of wanton oxygen, produced by the reaction of water vapor with sunlight. The oxygen rich atmosphere that developed later and on which oxygen breathing action without delay depends was result of the kickoff and spread of organisms capable of photosynthesis. 2. What evidence do scientists boast that the oxygen content of our atmosphere has increased since the earths origin?By looking at the rustiness of ancient rocks, scientists attempt to trace the developing of oxygen in the atmosphere. 3. Why is oxygen more abundant in the atmosphere at familiarise? spread of organisms that did photosynthesis. 4. What atomic number 18 stromatolites? stramolites be laminated mound similar structures that gen timelly form in shallow water with the proceeds of microscopic blue-green algae and bacteria. 5. What do scientis ts think is implied by the heraldic bearing of stromatolites in Precambrian rock?May of the algae and bacteria that build red-brick stramolites are photosynthesis. 6. What is oz wizard and how is it produced? Ozone screens out most of the ultra violet radiation from the sunlight. Ozone forms through the action of ultra violet radiation on oxygen in the upper atmosphere and many scientist reason that their layer could ready create only after oxygen from photosynthesis began to accumulate. 7. Why is the ozone important to life today? The ozone is important to life because it acts as a shield from the harmful cause of direct radiation. . What effect did increased levels of oxygen in the atmosphere gather in on early life forms? Created a threat because of the early life form because their environment polluted by their oxygen reducing neighbors whose subjective chemistries could resist oxygen toxic free. Banded Iron Formation 1. What is band iron Rock that contains oxidized iron, iron chemically combined with oxygen. 2. When did these formations operate common? Formed in ancient geezerhood. About 2. 2 one thousand cardinal long time ago. 3. What is the significance of these formations?Pebbles and cobbler show that liquid water was present on the surface of the earth, and ion oxides indicate free (uncombined) oxygen was also present, though at very low levels. The Oldest Rocks Remnants of a Youthful Earth 1. How grizzly are the oldest rocks on earth? The oldest rocks on earth date backwards to 3800 million years ago. 2. What evidence of life do these ancient rocks contain? the presence of oxygen to the activity of oxygen producing organisms, therefore life was far along. 3. Is this evidence great enough to allow scientists to conclude that life hence existed during this period?No because the physical processes in the atmosphere could also feed produced free oxygen and in some rocks residues that contain hundred have a make up similar to existing m atter hardly these residues to may have purely chemical origin. The Earliest Traces of Life 1. When do scientists think life originated on Earth? Between 4600 million years ago to 3500 million years ago. 2. What are the oldest fossils and how old are they? The oldest fossils on record are stromatolites, which date back to 3500 million years ago. The Precambrian 1.When did the freshman cells with nuclei appear? 3800 million years ago 2. Fossils of multicellular animals are from what age period? The fossils of multicellular animals date back to the Precambrian time period. 3. In what era did all of these events take place? The events listed above took place at the send-off of the Cambrian period to the end of the Paleozoic era. Origin of Life 1. What elements are most plethoric in living organisms? The six elements most prevalent in living organisms are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous and sulfur. . Were these elements present in the babe solar corpse? The only element out of the six listed above that was present in the infant solar system was hydrogen. It also had helium. 3. What mass may have fostered the development of chain of amino acids and nucleotides? The circumstances that may have played a part in the development of these chains were the conditions in which they were formed. They formed in small ponds that periodically heated and dried, go away traces of these water molecules that would play a part in producing the chains. . What are the characteristics of the ancestors of living cells and what could they do? The ancestors of living cells, also known as the forerunners, were single celled, with a ring shaped coil of DNA. They would gather into clumps, absorb smaller molecules, set up them, and released them as waste products. 5. Why is water important to life? piss is the medium in which biochemical reactions occur, playing an extreme importance in creating and sustaining life here on earth. 6. What are the adjust hallmark s of life? omplicated interlock of energy producing an energy consuming reactions plus the ability of the entire system plus the ability of the entire system to produce itself was the hallmark of true life. 7. What molecular evidence do scientists have that all life is at least distantly link and has a common ancestor? The affirmable varieties of proteins are virtually unlimited even for the primitive proteins life ferredoxin. If one calculates the possible combinations of percent amino acids along a ferredoxin chain of liter four links the result is a number more potential difference variations than there are atoms in the known universe.Drspite the vast possibilities portions of amino acids sequences are similar or even identical in proteins from organisms as mixed as humans being and bacteria. Since it is unlikely that this could occur by chance, scientist scan this to mean that all life is at least distantly related and shares common origin. 9. What conditions are thought to have existed on primitive earth that elevate the origin of life? The conditions on primitive earth that favored the origin of life included an atmosphere rich in carbon dioxide and water vapor.Also, hot springs and small bodies of water formed the chemical construction blocks of life. Single Celled Life 1. What are cherts? Cherts are sedimentary rocks that are bonny grained, silica rich microcrystalline, cryptocrystalline, or micro-fiborous that contain fossils. 2. How old are these fossils? The fossils in spite of appearance cherts are between 2100 and 1800 million years old. 3. Were these prokaryotic or eucaryotic? These fossils within cherts are prokaryotic. 4. What evidence for eukaryotic (and possibly multicellular) life is put in the Greyson shale?The evidence for multicellular/eukaryotic life within the Greyson shale is rear in the dark features of a samples surface. They are large, organized, and in a volute shape, which represent the characteristics left behind of a eukaryotic organism. 5. How old is the shale? The shale is 1300 million years old. Multi-celled Life 1. Describe the Ediacaran Fauna Fossils of soft bodied organisms that lived mre than 570 million years ago occur in the sandstone deposit on the edicora hills of southeastern Australia. 2. How old are these fossils? The fossils within the Ediacara Fauna are 570-670 million years old.

Genghis Khan

later(prenominal) on in his life, Genesis khan decided that, whilst assembling his army, he realized that separating both(prenominal)virtuoso by their rank made no sense, so he separated them thou ac contendledge custodyt of their lineage, thus abolishing the distinction between desolate b peerless and white b wiz (37-38 &038 52-53) Genesis khan learned how to give out long distances all all over long periods of time with little food or water.This benefited them tre workforcedously by letting them cross vast terrain that the enemy wouldnt brook them to cross, creating a surprise attack (86-87) Genesis khan, later several raids, realizes that the belt to loot the germs of the defeated served as an impedi custodyt to more(prenominal) complete victory. brieflyer than chasing down the warriors of the raided camps, attackers nearly allowed them to flee and focused instead on instantly looting their camps. He distri thoed the goods along the same lines by which the hunting work force of the forest traditionally distri plainlyed a kill at the end of a host hunt.This constitution not single ensured him the support of the poorest the great unwashed in the tribe, moreover it also inspired loyalty among his soldiers, who knew that even if they died, he would downstairsstand care of their surviving families (50) 6. Mongolianianianianiania and the surrounding area provided path government agencys and uncrossed terrain that allowed Genesis caravan inn to sneak up on his enemies and strike effectively. Also, he loud devoid a few batch so they can run to some early(a) empires and spread charge and panic across the steppes. (3-5) 7. One of the reasons that Timeline killed his older half-brother, Better, is because of how he treated Timeline.He would al panaches discriminate any fish Timeline caught or killed, and would neer share his earnings with any angiotensin-converting enzyme. Because of this, Timeline killed him in order to proclaim his potentiality, to mention his dignity, and (possibly) to funding the family from starving. (24-25) 8. Timeline had to fight Jan-Kuaka, who was his and and his blood brother. Although Timeline had far less soldiers than Kumar, he used some different effective tactics against him, such as the Tumbleweed Formation, where Mongol warriors advanced toward the enemy in divided sorts silently.This caused Genesis Khans units to strike unbendable from a single direction, and flee quickly, leaving the enemy wounded hardly unable to retaliate originally the attackers disappeared. Also, Timeline send a guard on a horse so skinny with a saddle so primitive that the captors sent the horse and saddle from camp to camp in mockery to how pathetic the Mongols had become. In another trick, since he had far less soldiers than the Kumar, Timeline ordered each man o set 5 campfires every night on the hills where his army camped, in order to make them come along like a much bountiful-mouthedr ar my.The Mongols were gaining the advantage, but Timeline did not fly the coop to victory. The night soonerhand the decisive battle, he told his men to sleep soundly. This is collect to the idolise in spatial relation the Anima, who began to flee in the night. However, Genesis knew that their only(prenominal) flight route was down the steep back position of a mountain, and, unable to see, the fleeing men and their horses fell into the gorge. The next morning, Genesis Khan easily defeated the stay threats, causing Kumar to disappear into the forest. Timeline executed Kumars betrayers on the principle that traitorousness merits the harshest punishment.The Secret History severalises that Timeline offered renewal of their brotherhood, but Kumar insisted that just as at that place was populate for only one sun in the sky, on that point was way of life only for one Mongol lord. He asked to be executed by dying a noble death without the spilling of blood. His request was gran ted by having his back broken by Tenniss soldiers. It is said that Timeline buried Kumar in the flourishing belt that he had given to Kumar when they formed their bond of brotherhood. (61-64) 9. The Mongols were effective in expanding their empire, and used any techniques to do so.These techniques were acquired by Genesis Khans observations of his enemies attempts to use one or more techniques to attack the Mongols. After he conquered empire by and by empire, he would manifest one or more people that helped puddle/develop the machinery/ maneuvers/techniques and would use them against other empires, keeping one or more of the engineers with him during invasions for quick assembling for a swift encounter. Genesis also snuck up on other enemies that, out of pure fear and loyalty, they agreed to side with Genesis and bring more goods to the people of Mongolia, thus benefiting the ranking of Mongols.This instilled fear into Genesis Khans enemies, and spread word of his terror across the steppes. This increased his sanction and his reign, and whe neer people fled to other places to warn them of the unstoppable army of Genesis Khan, it only fueled his hunger for victory with the fear of every empire that would shortly be conquered, stolen, and destroyed by the tenacious hands of Genesis Khan. (81-84) 10. Mongol conquests resulted in some of the around destructive wars in human history.In Iran, the Mongol invasion resulted in extermination, disease, and destruction of irrigation yester resulting in mass emigration, famine, and drastic commonwealth decline. The Mongols differed drastically from their opponents in the sense of warfare. The Mongols used a variety of attacks, techniques and maneuvers to successfully attack their enemies. The Mongols were viewed as ruthless, brutal and bloodthirsty. In a way, they are ruthless, but their tactics for fighting were far more successful than their civilized opponents, which gave them an big advantage, and thus devisi ng domination imminent.The spread of word about the Mongols helped others contend about the coming of he Mongol army, and would even make some(prenominal) people flee towards them in submission. (144-147) 1 . The Mongols encounters with religion had a large effect on their lives. Religious tolerance was evident in their society, so there were galore(postnominal) people of different religions. Christianity was viewed as a praised, frequent religion by some, but also as a group of hatred by others, due to the killing of Jews by Christians. The Mongols had a ashes of religious freedom they required that the ask of the empire be served forwards there own, however.Christianity was spread effectively around multiple areas, but the Mongols, for the intimately art, kept their religion and beliefs alive, not letting anything else alter that. (219 and pages from Chi. 9-10) 2. In the book, the Christian Crusaders, when they took cities such as Antioch in 1 098 and Jerusalem in 1 099, s laughtered the Jews and Muslims without regard for age or gender, but immaculately because of their religion. (116) 3. Genesis Khan used wildcat force to conquer his enemies. He would destroy empires and slide riches afterwards. Chablis Khan, however, was no Genesis Khan.Chablis, even without the military skills of his grandfather, had all the way outsmarted everyone in his family. He possessed a keen strategic endowment funds and he ability to have, and implement, good ideas he applied these skills to the management of his territory, and its intricacy toward the south. In the end, he proved able to achieve though human beings politics what his grandfather had not been able to achieve through brute(prenominal) force the conquest and unification of all Chine, the most populous countrified on earth. (195) 4. Traditionally, merchants were accorded a relatively low social post in China.The Mongols, however, had a more favorable attitude toward merchants and commerce -? their nomadic way of life, which is much reliant on trade with sedentary peoples, ad caused them to make out the importance of trade from the very earliest times. Thus, the Mongols worked to improve the social attitude of merchants and traders throughout their domains. The Mongols always favored trade. Their nomadic way of life caused them to mark the importance of trade from the very earliest times and, unlike the Chinese, they had a positive attitude toward merchants and commerce.Support for trade characterized not only Mongol polity in China but their policy throughout their domains. The Mongols even time-tested to introduce paper money -? though this would come unstainedly a failed experiment. Nonetheless, the attempt indicates the desire of the Mongols to provide additional assistance to traders. (250) 5. In the Mongolia Empire, there were common principles/innovations that they caused during their rule. Some of these included paper money, foreign law, diplomatic prerogativ e, primacy of the allege over the church service building, and freedom of religion.These innovations have all led to our advantages in todays modern lifestyle Paper money is used all around the world, making it one of the most common forms of currency used worldwide transnational away is used to keep order and peace for everyone diplomatic impedance is used where there are rulers/leaders, making them immune to lawsuit/ pursuance at a lower place that host soils laws freedom of religion, which is greatly used today, helps prevent religious criminal prosecution in our society, and lets people freely practice and be proud of their beliefs. (236) 6.As the people infected with the bubonic evil died, they infected those around them by cherry-red coughing, sneezing and gasping. When the enkindle broke out in Mongolia and China, the Mongols brought the disease pairingwards with them. The disease was carried by fleas, but, even though they dont normally come in contact with huma ns, they pilgrimageed in the food crates of the Mongols. Also, China functioned as the manufacturing nitty-gritty of the Mongol World System, and as the goods poured out of China, the disease followed, attendingly bed covering in all directions at once.By 1338 the plague crossed from China over the Titan Shaman Mountains. The same Mongol roads and caravans that knitted unitedly the Eurasian world of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries moved more than mere silk and spices. The roads set up by the Mongols for merchants also served as the inadvertent transfer point for the fleas and, thereby, for the disease itself. With all the luxurious fabrics and more, the caravans brought the fleas that spread the plague from one camp to another, one village to another, one city to another, and one continent to another.In the sixty years from 1340 until 1400, the community of Asia declined from 238 million to 201 million inhabitants, and europium from 75 million to 52 million. (242-245 ) 7. Gender the widespread influences from the paper and printing, pulverization and firearms, and the spread of the navigational compass and other maritime equipment, europiumans experienced a Renaissance, literally a rebirth, but it was not the ancient world of Greece and capital of Italy being reborn It was the Mongol Empire, picked up, transferred, and adapted by the Europeans to their own of necessity and culture.The paintings shared a common source in the work of Ghetto did Bonded and his disciples. Although the frescoes of the church depicted events from the life of Christ, more than a thousand years before the Mongol Empire, only shortly before Mongol contact, the artists depicted legion(predicate) of their subjects as Mongols or used Mongol dress and cloth for them. The artists fit(p) Mongols in a variety of Christian paintings with their distinctive clothing, headgear, and bows.Genghis Khan afterward on in his life, Genesis Khan decided that, whilst assembling his arm y, he realized that separating everyone by their rank made no sense, so he separated them thou acknowledgement of their lineage, thus abolishing the distinction between color bone and white bone (37-38 &038 52-53) Genesis Khan learned how to travel long distances over long periods of time with little food or water.This benefited them tremendously by letting them cross vast terrain that the enemy wouldnt need them to cross, creating a surprise attack (86-87) Genesis Khan, after several raids, realizes that the passel to loot the germs of the defeated served as an impediment to more complete victory. alternatively than chasing down the warriors of the raided camps, attackers nearly allowed them to flee and focused instead on today looting their camps. He distributed the goods along the same lines by which the hunting men of the forest traditionally distributed a kill at the end of a group hunt.This policy not only ensured him the support of the poorest people in the tribe, but it also inspired loyalty among his soldiers, who knew that even if they died, he would bourgeon care of their surviving families (50) 6. Mongolia and the surrounding area provided pathways and uncrossed terrain that allowed Genesis Khan to sneak up on his enemies and strike effectively. Also, he loud spare a few people so they can run to other empires and spread fear and panic across the steppes. (3-5) 7. One of the reasons that Timeline killed his older half-brother, Better, is because of how he treated Timeline.He would always steal any fish Timeline caught or killed, and would never share his earnings with anyone. Because of this, Timeline killed him in order to proclaim his dominance, to keep his dignity, and (possibly) to keep the family from starving. (24-25) 8. Timeline had to fight Jan-Kuaka, who was his and and his blood brother. Although Timeline had far less soldiers than Kumar, he used galore(postnominal) different effective tactics against him, such as the Tumbleweed Fo rmation, where Mongol warriors advanced toward the enemy in divided groups silently.This caused Genesis Khans units to strike tumultuous from a single direction, and flee quickly, leaving the enemy wounded but unable to retaliate before the attackers disappeared. Also, Timeline send a guard on a horse so skinny with a saddle so primitive that the captors sent the horse and saddle from camp to camp in mockery to how pathetic the Mongols had become. In another trick, since he had far fewer soldiers than the Kumar, Timeline ordered each man o set 5 campfires every night on the hills where his army camped, in order to make them seem like a much larger army.The Mongols were gaining the advantage, but Timeline did not work to victory. The night before the decisive battle, he told his men to sleep soundly. This is due to the fear inside the Anima, who began to flee in the night. However, Genesis knew that their only pull out route was down the steep backside of a mountain, and, unable t o see, the fleeing men and their horses fell into the gorge. The next morning, Genesis Khan easily defeated the remain threats, causing Kumar to disappear into the forest. Timeline executed Kumars betrayers on the principle that subversiveness merits the harshest punishment.The Secret History states that Timeline offered renewal of their brotherhood, but Kumar insisted that just as there was room for only one sun in the sky, there was room only for one Mongol lord. He asked to be executed by dying a noble death without the spilling of blood. His request was granted by having his back broken by Tenniss soldiers. It is said that Timeline buried Kumar in the rosy belt that he had given to Kumar when they formed their bond of brotherhood. (61-64) 9. The Mongols were effective in expanding their empire, and used any techniques to do so.These techniques were acquired by Genesis Khans observations of his enemies attempts to use one or more techniques to attack the Mongols. After he conq uered empire after empire, he would spare one or more people that helped create/develop the machinery/ maneuvers/techniques and would use them against other empires, keeping one or more of the engineers with him during invasions for quick assembling for a swift encounter. Genesis also snuck up on other enemies that, out of pure fear and loyalty, they agreed to side with Genesis and bring more goods to the people of Mongolia, thus benefiting the ranking of Mongols.This instilled fear into Genesis Khans enemies, and spread word of his terror across the steppes. This increased his dominance and his reign, and whenever people fled to other places to warn them of the unstoppable army of Genesis Khan, it only fueled his hunger for victory with the fear of every empire that would soon be conquered, stolen, and destroyed by the tenacious hands of Genesis Khan. (81-84) 10. Mongol conquests resulted in some of the most destructive wars in human history.In Iran, the Mongol invasion resulted in extermination, disease, and destruction of irrigation yester resulting in mass emigration, famine, and drastic population decline. The Mongols differed drastically from their opponents in the sense of warfare. The Mongols used a variety of attacks, techniques and maneuvers to successfully attack their enemies. The Mongols were viewed as ruthless, brutal and bloodthirsty. In a way, they are ruthless, but their tactics for fighting were far more successful than their civilized opponents, which gave them an wondrous advantage, and thus making domination imminent.The spread of word about the Mongols helped others know about the coming of he Mongol army, and would even make many people flee towards them in submission. (144-147) 1 . The Mongols encounters with religion had a large effect on their lives. Religious tolerance was evident in their society, so there were many people of different religions. Christianity was viewed as a praised, favorite religion by some, but also as a group o f hatred by others, due to the killing of Jews by Christians. The Mongols had a dust of religious freedom they required that the needs of the empire be served before there own, however.Christianity was spread effectively around multiple areas, but the Mongols, for the most art, kept their religion and beliefs alive, not letting anything else alter that. (219 and pages from Chi. 9-10) 2. In the book, the Christian Crusaders, when they took cities such as Antioch in 1 098 and Jerusalem in 1 099, slaughtered the Jews and Muslims without regard for age or gender, but merely because of their religion. (116) 3. Genesis Khan used brute force to conquer his enemies. He would destroy empires and steal riches afterwards. Chablis Khan, however, was no Genesis Khan.Chablis, even without the military skills of his grandfather, had clearly outsmarted everyone in his family. He possessed a keen strategic talent and he ability to have, and implement, good ideas he applied these skills to the manag ement of his territory, and its elaborateness toward the south. In the end, he proved able to achieve though in the public eye(predicate) politics what his grandfather had not been able to achieve through brute force the conquest and unification of all Chine, the most populous country on earth. (195) 4. Traditionally, merchants were accorded a relatively low social status in China.The Mongols, however, had a more favorable attitude toward merchants and commerce -? their nomadic way of life, which is much reliant on trade with sedentary peoples, ad caused them to pull in the importance of trade from the very earliest times. Thus, the Mongols worked to improve the social status of merchants and traders throughout their domains. The Mongols always favored trade. Their nomadic way of life caused them to accept the importance of trade from the very earliest times and, unlike the Chinese, they had a positive attitude toward merchants and commerce.Support for trade characterized not on ly Mongol policy in China but their policy throughout their domains. The Mongols even seek to introduce paper money -? though this would come merely a failed experiment. Nonetheless, the attempt indicates the desire of the Mongols to provide additional assistance to traders. (250) 5. In the Mongolia Empire, there were common principles/innovations that they created during their rule. Some of these included paper money, international law, diplomatic immunity, primacy of the state over the church, and freedom of religion.These innovations have all led to our advantages in todays contemporary lifestyle Paper money is used all around the world, making it one of the most common forms of currency used worldwide international away is used to keep order and peace for everyone diplomatic immunity is used where there are rulers/leaders, making them immune to lawsuit/ prosecution under that host countrys laws freedom of religion, which is greatly used today, helps prevent religious prosecutio n in our society, and lets people freely practice and be proud of their beliefs. (236) 6.As the people infected with the bubonic plague died, they infected those around them by tough coughing, sneezing and gasping. When the plague broke out in Mongolia and China, the Mongols brought the disease north with them. The disease was carried by fleas, but, even though they dont normally come in contact with humans, they traveled in the food crates of the Mongols. Also, China functioned as the manufacturing midway of the Mongol World System, and as the goods poured out of China, the disease followed, seemingly dissemination in all directions at once.By 1338 the plague crossed from China over the Titan Shaman Mountains. The same Mongol roads and caravans that knitted unneurotic the Eurasian world of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries moved more than mere silk and spices. The roads set up by the Mongols for merchants also served as the accidental transfer point for the fleas and, the reby, for the disease itself. With all the luxurious fabrics and more, the caravans brought the fleas that spread the plague from one camp to another, one village to another, one city to another, and one continent to another.In the sixty years from 1340 until 1400, the population of Asia declined from 238 million to 201 million inhabitants, and Europe from 75 million to 52 million. (242-245) 7. Gender the widespread influences from the paper and printing, gunpowder and firearms, and the spread of the navigational compass and other maritime equipment, Europeans experienced a Renaissance, literally a rebirth, but it was not the ancient world of Greece and capital of Italy being reborn It was the Mongol Empire, picked up, transferred, and adapted by the Europeans to their own needs and culture.The paintings shared a common source in the work of Ghetto did Bonded and his disciples. Although the frescoes of the church depicted events from the life of Christ, more than a thousand years be fore the Mongol Empire, only shortly before Mongol contact, the artists depicted many of their subjects as Mongols or used Mongol dress and cloth for them. The artists pose Mongols in a variety of Christian paintings with their distinctive clothing, headgear, and bows.

Hilton Customer Service Case Study

Customer Service in Travel and Tourism Hilton Hotels fictitious character Study pic The Understanding Travel and Tourism case subject provides usable background information about Hilton Hotels. The first three sections of this case study argon based on two presentations on the theme of telescope Beyond given to employees of Hilton Hotels UK and Ireland as part of a major supply training programme. Benefits of Good Customer Service Guests tend to leave or defect from Hilton because they become dissatisfied or a competitor is scene to be better or because a knob simply doesnt c ar (in every market there are people who entirely dont care about brand choice) or the guest has no choice e. g. the location is not right for the traveller or, for line of descent travellers, because company policy is to use another hotel chain. What satisfies guests? Every guest is divers(prenominal), altogether the same research by Hilton Hotels has identified some drivers that influence wheth er a guest is satisfied with the stay or not. Drivers of Guest Satisfaction UK Relative impact on Overall Satisfaction pic The Importance of LoyaltyGuest survey research by Hilton suggests that in a typical year only 5% of lively customers remain loyal, however loyal customers tend to spend much and they flier for 10% of revenue. Loyalty is important because satisfied and loyal guests will birth an effort to do business with Hilton give 80% or more of their business to Hilton ignore competitive offers, advertising and discounts tend to be will to accept higher pricing structures remain with Hilton 8-10 times longer than unloyal guests are worthy 100 times more than unloyal guests, in the long termIt is worth noting that the importance of loyal guests is recognised by most travel and touristry organisations, and some often carry out promotions aimed directly at accept customers. One way Hilton Hotels rewards loyalty and encourages repeat conflicts is by dint of the Hilton HHonors membership organisation, through which customers stand receive points and other benefits. The more a customer uses Hilton Hotels, the bigger the rewards. Handling Complaints If no action is taken following a complaint, 52% of guests suck up a complaint are likely NOT to return.Once a complaint has been handled satisfactorily, 94% of customers making a complaint will return. This is some the same percentage of customers likely to return when there is no riddle and no complaint. This slide gives more detail about Hilton Hotels findings from research into the discourse of problems and complaints. How may I help you? picSource VisualMedia Online ICT and Customer Service Hilton Hotels uses ICT in many ways. Just a few examples are Hilton Hotels e-learning training programme that coffin nail be accessed by all stave members the use of powerful software system programmes for analysing the results of research into customer atonement levels providing excellent ICT amenities for business travellers making it easier to book the Hilton brand by improvements to websites and computerised reservations systems, and fair deal agreements with external booking agencies. In 2002/3 Hilton developed a local language website for Hilton world-wide in the UK www. hilton. co. uk.The re-designed site featured lots more information. It was localised to make sure the offers were relevant and attractive for UK customers. The details on each hotel are updated at the hotel, rather than centrally, as is common practice. This ensures that the customer is getting all the most up-to-date and relevant details about the hotel and its offers as presently as possible. As part of the successful launch, the website www. hiltongroup. com promoted the new-look website www. hilton. co. uk. This included some examples of different types of potential customer and how they would use the new website.Below is the example of a customer travelling for leisure. flavor Here is a su mmary of the message to staff taking part in the Hilton Reach Beyond training scheme &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 Importance of complaint handling No complaintComplaint (64%) (36%) Not reported inform (8%) (28%) No actionAction Taken (8%) Not satisfied Satisfied (9%) (11%) Why is satisfaction important? Guest rest at HiltonNot satisfiedDefects to the competition Guest stays at HiltonSatisfiedVisits againBecomes loyal For further information about Hilton Hotels see www. iltongroup. com or www. hilton. co. uk The Leisure Traveller Whenever I go away I incessantly stay in a Hilton, says Rachel Martin I love the fact that I everlastingly get the same high service standards no guinea pig where I go in the world. Rachel, a public relations adviser and a keen traveller, has been visiting Hilton hotels for everywhere 10 years, and has been to hotels all over the world, from the Middle East to Japan. Ive always wanted to book on the web, barely I never felt comfortable with t he old hilton. com site it always felt too American, and a little impersonal. The new www. hilton. co. uk site, however, suits Rachel down to the ground. any the special offers on the front page are priced in UK pounds, so I can directly see that Im getting the best grade I can from Hilton. Ive also become aware of holiday packages I didnt recognize about before. Rachel has just booked her 2003 summer holiday using the website Im looking forward to my next holiday in the Hilton in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt where Im going to learn to dive, something Ive always wanted to try, but didnt even know Hilton offered until I used www. ilton. co. uk. 95%77%52%62% 94% Likelihood to return How can YOU influence satisfaction? Top 5 factors that influence guest satisfaction 1. Have a positive can do attitude 2. Overall quality of room 3. Staff energy 4. Staff friendliness 5. Comfort of room Hilton Reach Beyond Consistent, Quality Customer Service delivers the Brand Promise and recruits and keeps LOYAL Guests

Analysis of the documentary Harlan County, USA Essay

I. SUMMARY OF FACTSThe exposures central focus is the real-life documentation of a strike stages by miners in the Brookside Mine against Duke Power Company, a whacking energy play along in the unite States, for its alleged unfair fight practices, dangerous on the job(p) conditions, and low wages. It likewise highlights the lack of response of the United Mine Workers of America (UWMA) towards the plight of the workers.Basically, contract director and producer Barbara Kopple, in concert with her crew, spent years with the miners and their families impersonateed and documented their poor working and keep conditions. She followed them as they rallied in front of the New York stock exchange and also interviewed miners affected by black lung disease or coalminers pneumoconiosis. The film also documented that main source of discord between the company and the miners was the no-strike clause in the contract, which was lastly removed.Moreover, the film also showed how the company c hange magnitude its profits by more than 100 per cent while the miners l star(prenominal) received a 4 per cent pay increase  contempt the 7 per cent increaese in the cost of living in the aforementi stard(prenominal) year. Major elements also shown in the documentary include the prevalence of inelegant music, which has more or less been one of the themes of the entire strike. However, the to the highest degree epoch-making events shown in the documentary are the murders of two miners, Joseph Yablonski and his family, and Lawrence Jones. Their deaths eventually changed the tide for the miners as the management finally a agreed to arrange a bagain with them, expiration the strike.II. ISSUES1.What constituents could have caused the company to exploit the miners the way they did?2.What were the possible social and economic factors that compelled the miners to continue working for the company before finally staging a strike?3.In what ways is the film an important cultural m asterpiece and an eye-opener to corporation?III. DISCUSSION1.  In general, there are a number of factors that mother into play with regard to the exploitation of miners in the film.  First is the benevolent factor since Duke Power Company is run by humans. Therefore, they are prone to temptations, sin, and emotions, among umteen others. In addition, the socio-economic status of the miners played an important role in push their employers to exploit them. For example, as shown in the documentary, the almost of all of the miners are impoverished.So when they were able to find employment as coalminers, they possibly saw it as a golden opportunity for them to make a living and reform their conditions which is why they agreed to work for the company without considering the unfair labor practices at the time. Seeing that the miners are seemingly eager to find work, the company willingly apply them by providing them with dangerous working conditions and low wages. In a way, i t would even appear that the miners were indebted to the company for providing them with jobs.2. Poverty is clearly one of the most signifi bottomt economic factors that compelled the miners to work for the the company. As shown in the film, the miners see some of the worst living conditions. Almost of all do non have sufficient water and food, among other basic necessities. Seeing that they were in dire need of means to improve their lives, they willingly allowed themselves to be exploited so long as they are able to make a living (Biskind n.p.).However, as depicted in the documentary, the miners were unaware of the poor working conditions that awaited them, which included the no strike clause in their contracts, which was eventually removed. However, in a way, the miners felt that the clause in the contract initially meant that their place in the company is secure and there will never be any need for them to stage a strike. But eventually, they agnise that the strike prevented them from influencing the labor practices of the company and this is why they pushed for its removal.3. The documentary as a whole serves as an important cultural piece and an eye-opener mainly because of the huffy reality that it depicted. Aside from the impoverished miners, the documentary also captured on film true to life events such as imprisoned strikers, rioters, violence, courtrooms, and even murder. It can also be said that the documentary had a more human side to it, as director Kopple took various risks by attending the unquestionable strikes and pickets and also interviewing the members of the miners and their families.Aside from showing the plight of the miners, it also depicted how sight with little to no education are abused and exploited by those who rank higher in society. Most of all, the strength of the film lies intemperately on its moral authority (Biskind n.p.) as it does not simply portray heroes and villains, but simply the truth and the lessons to be lear ned from it.IV. OPINIONOver-all, I believe that the document is a highly essential piece that depicts the realities of one of the poorest working classes in the country- the coal miners. I am sure that most people, myself included, are not aware of the dangers that accompany the job such as black lung disease, which is fatal. In general, I believe that the the film was successful in depicting how these coalminers risk their lives to ensure that the homes and businesses of thousands of Americans are supplied with electicity and power and therefore, they more than deserve, at the very least, safe working conditions, fair labor practices, and higher wages.

Physical and Chemical Properties Essay

PurposeThe somatogenic and Chemical Properties lab provides the prospect to investigate the corporeal and chemic properties of pure chemical substances and analyze the investigate results.ProcedureIn the beginning of the experimentation, I filled two 24-well plates half way with the given chemicals and sucked up these chemicals into their labeled pipets for later enforce. Following this, I performed a number of steps on each of the four screen tubes and recorded observations of the different substances including odor, color, reaction to heat, the effects on the red and lively litmus cover and HCI reactions.ObservationsAs most of the observations are noted on the table above, it is a fair assumption that all of these substances went through rough sort of alteration whether it was a chemical or physical change except for Zinc. This may be because I had dropped my Zinc sample and had a tough time retrieving the contents but never the less it had truly little to no reactio n to the tests. Also, regarding the boiling bill and melt down point of different substances some had no reaction at all.QuestionsDid you observer both chemical changes in this experiment?Yes, Litmus paper is an manakin of chemical solely and was effected by all the substances except for Zn.What licence did you use to decide that something was a chemical change?Chemical combines of the litmus paper reacted with the chemical compounds of the substance tested to create a new compound resulting in a change of color of the litmus paper. No evidence was visibly seen when MgO Mg(OH)2.Give at least two examples of chemical changes you observed. whiz example was the reaction on the litmus paper and the second example was Magnesium oxides change into Magnesium hydroxide when introduced to water. associate the spare-time activity properties of sodium metal as physical or chemical notes metallic color Physical Turns gray in air Physical Melts at 98oC Physical Reacts explosively with ch lorine gasChemicalClassify the following changes as physical or chemical Water freezes at 0oCPhysical Baking restorative when combined with vinegar produces bubblesChemical Mothballs gradually disappear at room temperaturePhysical Ice cubes in a freezer get smaller with timePhysical Baking soda loses mass as it is heatedPhysical Tarnishing of silver ChemicalF. How would you learn that dissolving table brininess is a physical change?By boiling the water and using a distillation process to elicit the pure salt. Once all water is retracted, you can see that the salt never went through a chemical change.ConclusionsBy conducting this lab, it can be seen that physical and chemical changes are an everyday occurrence among many different substances. Using prepared lab techniques, we can make qualitative observations on the appearance, smell, and reactions of different substances. The Physical and Chemical Properties lab provides the opportunity to investigate the physical and chemical properties of pure chemical substances and analyze the experiment results within the directional principles and techniques. By doing so, the following can be learned though the experiment Chemical properties describe the tendencies of a substance to undergo chemical change and physical properties commonly used to characterize pure substances are color, odor, hardness, density, melting point, boiling point, and solubility in various solvents.

The Host Chapter 9: Discovered

I bevy quickly through the I-10 junction as the sun betroth flight s withall me. I didnt see much(prenominal) besides the white and yellow lines on the pavement, and the occasional big green sign pointing me farther east. I was in a hurry now.I wasnt current exactly what I was in a hurry for, though. To be disclose of this, I supposed. discover of pain, break of sadness, prohibited of aching for lost and hopeless loves. Did that mean out of this body? I couldnt compute of any other closure. I would legato ask my questions of the Healer, further it snarl as though the decision was make. Skipper. Quitter. I tested the words in my caput, trying to come to terms with them.If I could ensure a carriage, I would slip by Melanie out of the seekers reach. It would be genuinely hard. No, it would be impossible.I would try.I promised her this, but she wasnt listening. She was di smoothery dreaming. Giving up, I persuasion, now that it was too late for giving up to help. I move to stay clear of the red ignoreyon in her head, but I was at that amaze, too. No matter how hard I tried to see the cars zooming beside me, the shuttles locomote in toward the port, the hardly a(prenominal), fine clouds drifting overhead, I couldnt pull completely alleviate of her dreams. I memorized J ards construction from a thousand different angles. I watched Jamie carry up in a sudden growth spurt, always undress and b iodins. My arms ached for them both-no, the feeling was perspicaciouser than an ache, blade-edged and violent. It was intoler adequate to(p). I had to get out.I drove close to blindly along the narrow two-lane freeway. The desert was, if anything, to a gr take iner extent mo nononous and dead than onwards. Flatter, more colorless. I would make it to Tucson long before dinnertime. Dinner. I hadnt eaten yet today, and my stomach rumbled as I realized that.The Seeker would be waiting for me thither. My stomach rolled thusly, hunger mamaenta rily replaced with nausea. Automatically, my understructure eased come to the gas.I checked the map on the passenger seat. Soon I would reach a lower-ranking pit percentage point at a place called Picacho Peak. Maybe I would finish to eat something there. Put off seeing the Seeker a few trea sure enoughd moments.As I thought of this unfamiliar name-Picacho Peak-there was a strange, stifled reaction from Melanie. I couldnt make it out. Had she been here before? I searched for a store provide, a sight or a smell that corresponded, but found nada. Picacho Peak. Again, there was that spike of sake that Melanie repressed. What did the words mean to her? She retreated into faraway memories, avoiding me.This made me curious. I drove a little faster, wondering if the sight of the place would trigger something.A solitary mountain peak-not massive by design standards, but towering above the low, rough hills closer to me-was beginning to take shape on the horizon. It had an un rough -cut, distinctive shape. Melanie watched it grow as we traveled, pretending spiritlessness to it.Why did she pretend not to c ar when she so obviously did? I was disturbed by her strength when I tried to find out. I couldnt see any way or so the previous(a) blank wall. It felt succincter than usual, though Id thought it was al virtually gone.I tried to ignore her, not wanting to think about that-that she was growing stronger. I watched the peak instead, tincture its shape against the pale, hot sky. thither was something familiar about it. Something I was sure I recognized, even as I was positive that neither of us had been here before.Almost as if she was trying to distract me, Melanie plunged into a in writing(p) memory of Jargond, catching me by surprise.I shiver in my jacket, variant my eyes to see the muted gl are of the sun dying behind the thick, bristly trees. I recount myself that it is not as common cold as I think it is. My body just isnt used to this.The hands tha t are suddenly there on my shoulders do not startle me, though I am afraid of this unfamiliar place and I did not divulge his quiet approach. Their weight is too familiar.Youre easy to sneak up on. even off now, there is a smile in his voice.I adage you coming before you took the first step, I say without turning. I permit eyes in the stomach of my head.Warm fingers stroke my face from my temple to my chin, dragging fire along my skin.You look resembling a wood nymph concealed here in the trees, he whispers in my ear. One of them. So beautiful that you must be fictional.We should plant more trees around the cabin.He chuckles, and the sound makes my eyes close and my lips stretch into a grin. non necessary, he says. You always look that way.Says the exsert man on Earth to the last adult female on Earth, on the eve of their separation.My smile fades as I speak. Smiles cannot last today.He sighs. His star topology on my cheek is warm compared to the curtain fo equaliser air .Jamie might resent that implication.Jamies still a boy. Please, please keep him safe.Ill make you a deal, Jared offers. You keep yourself safe, and Ill do my best. Otherwise, no deal.fair a joke, but I cant take it lightly. Once we are a small-arm, there are no guarantees. No matter what happens, I insist. nonhings going to happen. Dont worry. The words are nearly meaningless. A waste of effort. But his voice is worth hearing, no matter the message.Okay.He pulls me around to face him, and I lean my head against his chest. I dont know what to compare his scent to. It is his own, as unique as the smell of juniper or the desert rain.You and I wont lose each other, he promises. I will always find you again. Being Jared, he cannot be completely serious for more than a heartbeat or two. No matter how come up you hide. Im un gopable at hide-and-seek.Will you cede me to the count of ten?Without peeking.Youre on, I mumble, trying to disguise the fact that my pharynx is thick with tears.D ont be afraid. Youll be fine. Youre strong, youre fast, and youre smart. Hes trying to convince himself, too.Why am I leaving him? Its such a long shot that Sharon is still human.But when I saw her face on the news, I was so sure.It was just a normal raid, one of a thousand. As usual when we felt isolated enough, safe enough, we had the TV on as we cleaned out the pantry and fridge. Just to get the weather forecast there isnt much entertainment in the dead-boring everything-is-perfect reports that pass for news among the parasites. It was the hair that caught my eye-the flash of deep, approximately pink red that Id only ever seen on one person.I can still see the look on her face as she peeked at the camera from the corner of one eye. The look that verbalise, Im trying to be invisible dont see me. She walked not quite slowly enough, working too hard at keeping a casual pace. Trying desperately to blend in.No body snatcher would feel that need.What is Sharon doing walking around h uman in a huge city similar bread? Are there others? Trying to find her doesnt even seem equal a choice, rattling. If there is a chance there are more humans out there, we arrive at to locate them.And I have to go alone. Sharon will run from anyone but me-well, she will run from me, too, but maybe she will pause long enough for me to explain. I am sure I know her conundrum place.And you? I ask him in a thick voice. Im not sure I can physically extend this looming goodbye. Will you be safe?Neither heaven nor hell can keep me apart from you, Melanie.Without giving me a chance to catch my breath or wipe away the fresh tears, she threw another at me.Jamie curls up under my arm-he doesnt fit the way he used to. He has to crimp in on himself, his long, gangly limbs poking out in sharp angles. His arms are beginning to turn hard and sinewy, but in this moment hes a child, shaking, cowering almost. Jared is loading the car. Jamie would not show this fear if he were here. Jamie wan ts to be brave, to be like Jared.Im scared, he whispers.I kiss his night-dark hair. Even here among the sharp, resinous trees, it smells like dust and sun. It feels like he is part of me, that to separate us will tear the skin where we are joined.Youll be fine with Jared. I have to sound brave, whether I feel that way or not.I know that. Im scared for you. Im scared you wont come back. alike(p) pop music.I flinch. When Dad didnt come back-though his body did eventually, trying to lead the Seekers to us-it was the most horror and the most fear and the most pain Id ever felt. What if I do that to Jamie again?Ill come back. I always come back.Im scared, he says again.I have to be brave.I promise everything will be fine. Im coming back. I promise. You know I wont break a promise, Jamie. Not to you.The shaking slows. He believes me. He trusts me.And anotherI can hear them on the floor below. They will find me in minutes, or seconds. I scrawl the words on a dirty shred of newsprint. The y are nearly illegible, but if he finds them, he will understandNot fast enough. Love you love Jamie. Dont go home.Not only do I break their hearts, I steal their refuge, too. I picture our little canyon home abandoned, as it must be forever now. Or if not abandoned, a tomb. I see my body leading the Seekers to it. My face smiling as we catch them thereEnough, I state out loud, cringing away from the whiplash of pain. Enough Youve made your point I cant live without them either now. Does that make you happy? Because it doesnt leave me many choices, does it? Just one-to get rid of you. Do you want the Seeker inside you? Ugh I recoiled from the thought as if I would be the one to house her. at that place is another choice, Melanie thought softly.Really? I demanded with heavy sarcasm. Show me one. savor and see.I was still staring at the mountain peak. It dominated the landscape, a sudden upthrust of rock surrounded by flat scrubland. Her interest pulled my eyes over the outline, traci ng the uneven two-pronged crest.A slow, rough curve, then(prenominal) a sharp turn north, another sudden turn back the other way, twisting back to the north for a longer stretch, and then the abrupt southern decline that flattened out into another change curve.Not north and south, the way Id always seen the lines in her piecemeal memories it was up and down.The profile of a mountain peak.The lines that led to Jared and Jamie. This was the first line, the starting point.I could find them.We could find them, she corrected me. You dont know all the directions. Just like with the cabin, I never gave you everything.I dont understand. Where does it lead? How does a mountain lead us? My pulse beat faster as I thought of it Jared was close. Jamie, within my reach.She showed me the answer.Theyre just lines. And Uncle Jeb is just an old lunatic. A nut job, like the rest of my dads family. I try to tug the book out of Jareds hands, but he barely seems to notice my effort.A nut job, like Shar ons mom? he counters, still studying the dark pencil marks that spot the back cover of the old photo album. Its the one thing I havent lost in all the running. Even the graffiti loony Uncle Jeb left over(p) on it during his last visit has sentimental value now.Point taken. If Sharon is still alive, it will be because her mother, loony aunt Maggie, could give loony Uncle Jeb a run for the title of Craziest of the Crazy Stryder Siblings. My father had been only slightly stirred by the Stryder madness-he didnt have a secret bunker in the backyard or anything. The rest of them, his sister and brothers, Aunt Maggie, Uncle Jeb, and Uncle ridicule, were the most devoted of conspiracy theorists. Uncle Guy had died before the others disappeared during the invasion, in a car accident so familiar that even Maggie and Jeb had struggled to make an intrigue out of it.My father always in a heartfelt way referred to them as the Crazies. I think its time we visited the Crazies, Dad would annou nce, and then mummy would groan-which is why such announcements had happened so seldom.On one of those rare visits to Chicago, Sharon had snuck me into her mothers hidey-hole. We got caught-the woman had booby traps every-where. Sharon was scolded soundly, and though I was sworn to secrecy, Id had a sense Aunt Maggie might build a new sanctuary.But I flirt with where the first is. I picture Sharon there now, living the life of Anne blackguard in the middle of an enemy city. We have to find her and bring her home.Jared interrupts my reminiscing. eggs jobs are exactly the kind of people who will have survived. lot who saw Big Brother when he wasnt there. People who suspected the rest of humanity before the rest of humanity turned hazardous. People with hiding places ready. Jared grins, still study-ing the lines. And then his voice is heavier. People like my father. If he and my brothers had hidden rather than fought Well, theyd still be here.My tone is softer, hearing the pain i n his. Okay, I agree with the theory. But these lines dont mean anything.Tell me again what he said when he drew them.I sigh. They were arguing-Uncle Jeb and my dad. Uncle Jeb was trying to convince him that something was wrong, grave him not to trust anyone. Dad laughed it off. Jeb grabbed the photo album from the end postpone and started almost carving the lines into the back cover with a pencil. Dad got mad, said my mom would be angry. Jeb said, ??Lindas mom asked you all to come up for a visit, right? Kind of strange, out of the blue? Got a little knock over when only Linda would come? Tell you the truth, Trev, I dont think Linda will be minding anything much when she gets back. Oh, she might act like it, but youll be able to tell the difference. It didnt make sense at the time, but what he said really upset my dad. He ordered Uncle Jeb out of the house. Jeb wouldnt leave at first. Kept warning us not to wait until it was too late. He grabbed my shoulder and pulled me into hi s side. ??Dont let em get you, honey, he whispered. ??Follow the lines. Start at the beginning and follow the lines. Uncle Jebll keep a safe place for you. Thats when Dad shoved him out the door.Jared nods absently, still studying. The beginning the beginning It has to mean something.Does it? Theyre just squiggles, Jared. Its not like a map-they dont even connect.Theres something about the first one, though. Something familiar. I could inform Ive seen it somewhere before.I sigh. Maybe he told Aunt Maggie. Maybe she got go against directions.Maybe, he says, and continues to stare at Uncle Jebs squiggles.She dragged me back in time, to a much, much older memory-a memory that had escaped her for a long while. I was strike to realize that she had only put these memories, the old and the fresh, together recently. After I was here. That was why the lines had slipped through her on the lookout control despite the fact that they were one of the most precious of her secrets-because of th e urgency of her discovery.In this blurry early memory, Melanie sit down in her fathers lap with the same album-not so tattered then-open in her hands. Her hands were tiny, her fingers stubby. It was very strange to remember being a child in this body.They were on the first page.Do you remember where this is? Dad asks, pointing to the old white-haired picture at the top of the page. The paper looks thinner than the other photographs, as if it has worn down-flatter and flatter and flatter-since some great-great-grandpa took it.Its where we Stryders come from, I answer, repeating what Ive been taught.Right. Thats the old Stryder ranch. You went there once, but I bet you dont remember it. I think you were eighteen months old. Dad laughs. Its been Stryder land since the very beginningAnd then the memory of the picture itself. A picture shed looked at a thousand times without ever seeing it. It was black and white, faded to grays. A small unpolished wooden house, far away on the othe r side of a desert field in the foreground, a split-rail fence a few equine shapes between the fence and the house. And then, behind it all, the sharp, familiar profileThere were words, a label, scrawled in pencil across the top white knellStryder Ranch, 1904, in the morning shadow ofPicacho Peak, I said quietly.Hell have pass judgment it out, too, even if they never found Sharon. I know Jared will have put it together. Hes smarter than me, and he has the picture he probably saw the answer before I did. He could be so closeThe thought had her so filled with yearning and excitement that the blank wall in my head slipped entirely.I saw the whole journey now, saw her and Jareds and Jamies careful trek across the country, always by night in their inconspicuous stolen vehicle. It took weeks. I saw where shed left them in a wooded prevent outside the city, so different from the empty desert they were used to. The cold forest where Jared and Jamie would hide and wait had felt safer in some ways-because the branches were thick and concealing, unlike the spindly desert foliage that hid little-but also more dangerous in its unfamiliar smells and sounds.Then the separation, a memory so torturous we skipped through it, flinching. Next came the abandoned building shed hidden in, watching the house across the street for her chance. There, concealed within the walls or in the secret basement, she hoped to find Sharon.I shouldnt have let you see that, Melanie thought. The faintness of her silent voice gave away her fatigue. The assault of memories, the persuasion and coercion, had tired her. Youll tell them where to find her. Youll kill her, too.Yes, I mused aloud. I have to do my duty.Why? she murmured, almost sleepily. What happiness will it bring you?I didnt want to argue with her, so I said nothing.The mountain loomed larger ahead of us. In moments, we would be beneath it. I could see a little rest stop with a convenience store and a fast food eating house bordered on one side by a flat, concrete space-a place for mobile homes. There were only a few in residence now, with the heat of the coming summer making things uncomfortable.What now? I wondered. Stop for a late lunch or an early dinner? Fill my gas tank and then continue on to Tucson in order to reveal my fresh discoveries to the Seeker?The thought was so nauseous that my jaw locked against the sudden heave of my empty stomach. I slammed on the pasture brake reflexively, screeching to a stop in the middle of the lane. I was gilt there were no cars to hit me from behind. There were also no drivers to stop and offer their help and concern. For this moment, the highway was empty. The sun beat down on the pavement, making it shimmer, disappear in places.This shouldnt have felt like a betrayal, the idea of continuing on my right and proper course. My first language, the admittedly language of the soul that was spoken only on our planet of origin, had no word for betrayal or traitor. Or eve n loyalty-because without the existence of an opposite, the judgment had no meaning.And yet I felt a deep well of guilt at the very idea of the Seeker. It would be wrong to tell her what I knew. Wrong, how? I countered my own thought viciously. If I stopped here and listened to the seductive suggestions of my host, I would truly be a traitor. That was impossible. I was a soul.And yet I knew what I wanted, more powerfully and vividly than anything I had ever wanted in all the eight lives Id lived. The image of Jareds face danced behind my eyelids when I blinked against the sun-not Melanies memory this time, but my memory of hers. She forced nothing on me now. I could barely feel her in my head as she waited-I imagined her holding her breath, as if that were possible-for me to make my decision.I could not separate myself from this bodys wants. It was me, more than Id ever intended it to be. Did I want or did it want? Did that note of hand even matter now?In my rearview mirror, the g lint of the sun off a distant car caught my eye.I moved my foot to the accelerator, starting slowly toward the little store in the shadow of the peak. There was really only one thing to do.

CRM at Minitex Essay

CRM stands for guest Relationship Management. It is a strategy utilize to learn more closely clients ask and behaviors in order to engender stronger affinitys with them. It plays an important role in understanding clients needs by gathering the information about the customers that helps in marketing and merchandising the companys products. With an effective Customer Relationship Management strategy, an physical composition throw out increase revenues by providing better work and selling products effectively what the customers want. CRM is the key to better customer services. Through CRM, it is possible to discover radical customers and retain the exist ones. For it to function effectively, it is of importance for the organization to understand about their customers, their needs and develop a strategy to meet those needs.Therefore, an organization must(prenominal) look at how the information can be saved and how serviceable it can be. (Wailgum, 2007) Minitex is a company that sells its products which master(prenominal)ly centered through finance and insurance. These 2 divisions are administered by 4 dodges namely marketing, insurance, finance and CFO. (Reddy, 2015) George withdraw is the director of gross sales at Minitex. Harold Blufmen is the VP of insurance division and Mariella Hopkins head of the finance division. It consists of the administration system that works on the billing and payments of the customers, a worldwide Management system that keeps embrace of the customers are the dickens binding-end systems for the insurance division. (McKeen, 2008)The main Problems at Minitex areUnprofessional Sales Calls to resembling customers because the selective information in Minitex is non modify, so as the Sales people cannot keep track of customer information with current systems. Mariella Hopkins, VP of the finance who is IT enthusiast is open to quislingism with other section do not want to compromise existing systems. Another dra wback is its divisions have specialized system terminology. (Reddy, 2015)Figure 1 CRM relationship and Management (Mckeen, 2008)Aspects for Flow of Information in MinitexThe Customer Contacts System The Customer Contacts system was created recently by Degass boss, Jon Bettman. This system perpetrates sales people a better way to keep track of customer information. This system schedules, sales call on a periodic innovation and provides mechanisms for generating and tracking new leads and it also forms the basis on which the marketing department pays the sales peoples commissions. Real- time information on sales by product, salesperson, and region gives Bettman and his team excellent feedback on how well their centralized marketing strategies are performing. For purposes of invoicing and servicing the accounts, the Customer Contacts system also feeds data into the insurance and financing divisions systems after sales are made.The Management commercial enterprise Center System M ariella Hopkins the VP of financing, and her division funded the development of a management disdain center application. This system acts as an online customer self-service system. By this system, customers can halt statements and online financing and often can get credit clear instantly. Customer service representatives use the same basic system, with to track customer transactions and to provide customer support as needed.The Credit judicial system System Minitex is using a Credit administration system which was genuine 20 years ago. Harold Blumfen, VP of insurance is a major profit manufacturer at Minitex, he and his division uses a credit administration system to track customer billings and payments. The popular Management System Minitex uses a oecumenic management system to keep track of which products a customer has bought and what services the customer is entitled to. Both Credit Administration System and General Management System fundamentally back end systems. (McK een, 2008)Discussion Questions1. excuse how it is possible for someone at Minitex to call a customer and not bash (a) that this is a customer and (b) that this is the third time this week that they had been called. With Minitexs systems, both of these seem easy to accomplish. With the divisions not sharing the same system, they may not have the most updated information when one person is flavor up information. This would explain why an employee may call and not know that they are calling a customer. This is especially true, because some of the employees track their sustain information to their own records, thus not updating the systems. It is possible to not know that a customer has been contacted three times, because the employees use their own remembering to keep track of who they have called.2. Outline the steps that Bettman must possess in order to implement CRM at Minitex. In your plan, be trustworthy to include people, processes, and technology. To start this proces s of implementing CRM, Bettman needs to get everyone on the same page. He also needs to take leadership of his department, making net decisions based on evidence of the best choice for the entire department, whether or not everyone agrees. Bettman needs to get with Harold Blumfen and Mariella Hopkins and create unity between the two departments of things such as terminology, explaining that both divisions need to collaborate. The next step would be to get a handle on the current system, until they can obtain a new system. This needs to start by making indisputable that all information is input into the system, ensuring all employees have the most holy and up-to-date information.This will prevent blunders, and can be a major example to put in Degass furrow baptistry petitioning for a new IT system. Degas, meanwhile, will be working on his business case to give to IT, explaining that a new centralized system is needed. The system needs to be able to have a customer interface, pr ovided functionality for both divisions to input information and receive the information output connect to their department. He can show the difference of customer interaction with little and more information flow. Degas needs to get Bettman to network with IT in the request for the new system, having the main boss involved will give it more importance. Finally, with leadership and CRM at Minitex, the department will be back on track. (McKeen, 2008)ReferencesMcKeen, J. D., & Smith, H. (2008). IT strategy Issues and Practices (2 nd Ed) Reddy, A. (2015, February 12). Crm at Minitrex. Retrieved March 30, 2015, from http//www.papercamp.com/ raise/147554/Crm-At-Minitrex Wailgum, T. (2007, March 6). CRM Definition and Solutions. Retrieved March 30, 2015, from http//www.cio.com/article/2439505/customer-relationship-management/crm-definition-and-solutions.html

Dante, Plato, Aristotle Essay

The appointment is poesy v. philosophy. Plato speaks of a quarrel b/t metrical composition and philosophy. He dismisses the arts spot Aristotle defends them. DO we recover traces of this quarrel in later(prenominal) traditions? If so, where? And how is it played tabu there? For this essay, in addition to Plato and Aristotle, snap on Dantes Inferno. (Please look to see if my thesis is clear and strong, my evidence is totally relevant, and whether this whole essay persuades you) Throughout his life, Plato strongly believed that the arts and philosophy this instant opposed each other.On the other hand, Aristotle defended rime as an fear to philosophy. Dante, a philosophical poet, successfully synthesizes Plato and Aristotles views in the Divine frivolity of the Inferno without compromising either school of thought. He acknowledges the fact that while the arts withdraw its uses within the tangible realness and philosophy its uses in the spiritual, both need the other to be complete. Both Plato and Aristotle agree that poem brings about great emotion which has a lasting impact on the individual and society. However, they disagree on numberss emotional effects.In Meno, Plato believes it results in harm while Aristotle argues that it leads to improvement in Poetics. Upon closer inspection, we see that Dantes Inferno contains a philosophical signifi burnce underlying its poetic style. Poetry and philosophy work towards the same end, further in several(predicate) offices. There is no doubt that poetry is an bogus. What Aristotle and Plato dispute over is the mention of that sham. Plato strongly states that the arts atomic deadener 18 mimetic, twice removed from the truth. They are an imitation of the ideal entities in the state of the forms, in which all things are perfect.For instance, calamity presents multiple possibilities and situations rather than a single essence. In Meno, Platos Socrates discusses the residuum between doxa and epist eme. Poets, politicians and priests utilize doxa, a type of knowledge that is non liaise done any judgmentual reasoning. This further demonstrates the composition of the material realm. amend opinion, or doxa, flees from the mind just as the materialistic body promptly perishes. Socrates says opinion is not worth much until it is fastened with reasoning of motive and effect (Plato 65). He is alluding to episteme, true knowledge that corpse in the brain.This is established through intellectual inquiry in the ideal realm. Throughout the dialogue, Menon insults Socrates by saying he looks deal a stingray, alluding to a type of numbing-drug. However, Menon proves to have phony knowledge as Socrates shows how anamnesis occurs via the Socratic Method. Only when he experiences aporia, the state of confusion and realization of matchlesss ignorance, can he reach true knowledge. The reference to the drug, pharmakon, symbolizes how Menon became numb to the false, material world in o rder to transition to the bode realm where all things originate.While Plato asserts that imitation comes from the true essence of things, Aristotle believes it has its roots in human action. In Poetics, he examines how humans have an instinct for imitation, harmony and rhythm. We often learn our earlier lessons from mimesis. Aristotle asserts that the just way to reach the ideal is through action. He views it as a horizontal developmental rather than a vertical one, as Plato did. By the process of energia, we move from potential to actuality. This is also analogous to the judgment of the material to the ideal. We come out of the cave and into the sun through our proclaim activities.As the arts best represent action, cataclysm contains knowledge because it presents mental possibilities and universal truths about ourselves. Each possible reality may be the ideal essence. Tragedy, after all, is an imitation of action and of life, not men. The stage externalizes whats within our s ouls. The actors play out the meaning of life which the audience can safely inspect without endangering themselves. This perspective is extremely human-centric compared to Platos divine ideal. For instance, tragedy contains plot that is action-centric and based on the structure of incidents.Unlike a story, a plots events can be resequenced in any fashion. This is like an experiment in which the stage is our lab. A plot can what is more be split in two ways complex or simple. A complex plot contains peripeteia and anagnorisis. The latter, exchangeable to Platos Meno, shows the feeler from ignorance to knowledge. Yet the characters on stage, even after making decisions, are still susceptible to Fortunes depart. Thus peripeteia occurs, alluding to god and the divine realm we ultimately reach with the aid of anagnorisis. There are near things people cant control.However, what we do imitate and control are our actions within the material world. For Aristotle, action was the most s ignificant aim to focus on. In Dantes Inferno, the poet Virgil chokes Dante into Hell. Poetry begins to act as a gentler allay compared to philosophy. It is more relatable to the human mind and physical world. Through catharsis, Dante must excrete all emotional tumult to become enlightened. This process of catharsis is similar to the movement from the material to spiritual realm. Paradiso, the highest realm, is where true intellect exists and where we become one with immortal.In the second canto, Dante demonstrates the wickedness of emotions and the materialistic realm when Virgil tells him Your soul has been assailed by cowardice, which often weighs so heavily on a man- distracting him from honorable trails- as phantoms frighten beasts when shadows fall. (lines 45-48) This is an extremely Platonian perspective. Partially right, Plato believed that tragedy produced cowardly leaders as it appealed to passion rather than logic and reason. Through Virgil, Dante demonstrates how the arts, especially poetry, are effective in cleansing the soul of emotion by experiencing or contemplating it. often like the Socratic Method in Meno, Dante must become numb to false knowledge via catharsis and begin with a clean slate. He accomplishes this by observing the damned in the inferno. When he passes through aporia, only then will he become enlightened and obtain truth. The shadows are a reference to Augustines visio corporals, the cave of pure materiality, in which false knowledge resides. Dante says in canto one that man must come out of the shadowed forest (line 2) where he is so full of sleep (line 11). completely this is accomplished through human action, represented through tragedy and poetry. Furthermore, Virgil symbolizes the flood tide emergence of Christian Rome through Dante. He has already interpreted Aeneas to the Underworld, setting up the entire story. Parallel to this, poetry lays the necessary launching for the coming age of philosophy. Dante uses typol ogy of the inferno to paradiso. Like the Hebrew Bible, the inferno remains incomplete and foreshadows whats to come. The New Testament completes the text, in the same way philosophy does to poetry. Each is interdependent on the other.In the Inferno, Dante fails to read the roll to the Gateway to Hell, demonstrating how the archaic style of backgrounding no longer resounds in the new age of foregrounding. This method brings to light how the mind reads and interprets with reason. Because the material realm is incomplete, Dante cannot move to this abstract, spiritual meaning without first going through the forest. In the third canto, Virgil describes to Dante how those in hell have lost the good of the intellect (line 18). The mind can never be fulfilled as it is a pure sensory experience.This is proven when Virgil is only able to guide Dante so far. He cannot take Dante beyond the material realm because he is not a Christian. He represents the arts, the non-metaphysical. A higher ent ity, Beatrice, will lead him to paradiso. Virgil declares in canto one If you would then ascend as high as these / a soul more worthy than I am will guide you (lines 121-122). Likewise, we can think of poetry, represented by Virgil, as a overwhelm to philosophy, the eventual remedy of Beatrice. While philosophy speaks of a thing itself, poetry uses metaphors as a transition to reach a philosophical conclusion.It is a vehicle for truth in its own peculiar way, addressing our minds through imagination, susceptibility and feelings. Dante can synthesize Plato and Aristotles views because they are working toward one communal goal the divine, the cave of pure intellect. The mechanisms of philosophy are simply a more sophisticated turn on poetry. Traces of Plato are still seen in Dante, especially when he states in the fifth canto Those who undergo this torment are damned because they sinned subjecting reason to the rule of lust (lines 37-39).However, in tragedy, what seems irrational a nd cockeyed to the audience becomes permeated with reason as it speaks the universal truth about ourselves. The arts show there is something beyond human thought and action as the audience learn how we cannot control everything. There is something beyond this human, materialistic world that we cannot begin to understand. This is God, which is exactly what philosophy aims at. It speaks the truth, not only of human action, but of the existence of the ultimate good. In this way, poetry consists of rational thought and intellect.Virgil tells Dante in canto eight Forget your fear, no one can hinder our charge One so great has granted it (lines 104-105). We are turning interior to our souls to reach the divine. This also speaks of Gods infinite and unexplainable power. God makes the impossible possible. Dante had to go down into the deepest level of hell to see the divine. This raillery demonstrates catabasis and anagogy, the one single movement towards God. Furthermore, Cassius and B rutus foreshadow Judas betrayal. These three make up the material inversion of the Holy Trinity. We are able to see God in Lucifer.This demonstrates the typology from the inferno to paradiso as well as the process of medical history in Platos Meno and Aristotles Poetics. Just as Dante had to move through death to experience life, the reader must pass through poetry to obtain philosophy. All thinking about God involves moving from the material to the realm of the forms. The divine uses metaphors, our language, to help us understand. We are able to indirectly talk to God through poetry as He determines our fate. It was his will to send Dante into Hell. Like poetrys catharsis and philosophys pharmakon, Dante engages his mind as he journeys through the inferno.By looking and contemplating the pitiful of the damned, he becomes reconciled to aspects of his life which would otherwise be nonsensical. Both the poet and philosopher look the existence of God and of the metaphysical. Althoug h Dante recognizes that the arts have limited utility, he realizes how poetry helps lay the foundation for philosophy through the Aristotelian and Platonian method. It has a cognitive function by helping to better appreciate and complete philosophy. As Venantius Fortunatus wrote in his hymn Vexilla Regis, by death did life procure. Likewise, by poetry did philosophy come about.